European Castles to Add to Your Bucket List

Towering ramparts, swirling moats, dark dungeons and secret staircases – Europe’s legendary castles are a delight to explore. Not much can beat a good castle, and these European fortresses are full of fairytale romance, adventurous history, and incredible architecture. Most European countries can boast at least a handful of castles located in city centers and remote countryside, but here’s our list of the best to add to your bucket list.

 

Malbork, Poland

Malbork Castle is located in the north of Poland, on the east bank of the River Nogat. It is the most complete and elaborate example of a Gothic brick-built castle complex in the characteristic and unique style of the Teutonic Order. The style exemplified here evolved independently from those which prevailed in contemporary castles in western Europe and the Near East.

This spectacular fortress bears witness to the phenomenon of the Teutonic Order state in Prussia. The state was founded in the 13th century by German communities of military monks who carried out crusades against the pagan Prussians and Lithuanians living on the south Baltic coast, as well as against the Christian Kingdom of Poland. It reached its greatest influence in the 14th century. The castle-convent embodies the drama of late medieval Christianity, straining between extremes of sanctity and violence.

 

Neuschwanstein, Germany

 

Can you write about European castles without mentioning the palace that inspired Walt Disney? King Ludwig II built Neuschwanstein near Füssen in Germany’s southern state of Bavaria in the 19th century. By then, defensive structures were no longer needed, but the Fairytale King wanted a castle, so a castle he built. He didn’t do things halfway, either, and the resulting structure was a magnificent palace unlike any other.

Its name means “New Swan Castle”, referencing the monarch’s love of Wagner operas, and though Ludwig died before it was finished, it has enchanted countless visitors since.

Eilean Donan, Scotland

 

Occupying an island at the confluence of three sea lochs, Eilean Donan is one of Scotland’s most iconic castles. This majestic structure perfectly complements its natural setting. The place was first inhabited as early as the 6th century, but the first fortified castle was constructed on the site in the 13th century. The present incarnation was left in ruins after a Jacobite uprising in the early 18th century, but restored and reopened in 1932.

 

Segovia Alcazar, Spain

 

Dominating the plains of Spain’s hot, dusty interior, Segovia’s skyline is dominated by two impressive edifices – its cathedral and its alcazar. The foundations of this castle date from Roman times, but today’s fortress has been around since the 16th century. Today, it’s a museum that enchants thousands of visitors with its wonderfully opulent interior.

The gilded Sala de las Piñas with its ceiling of pineapples is especially enchanting, but the star of the show is the view from the Torre de Juan II which looks out over the sprawling Spanish surroundings.

 

Bran, Romania

 

Bran castle is a magnet for tourists visiting Transylvania seeking the legend of Dracula. And though Bram Stoker, the creator of the famous vampire, never set foot here, the castle matches his description of the Count’s lonely fortress. In reality, the structure was first built as a fortress by Teutonic Knights, and was later adopted as a royal residence of Queen Maria of Romania. But that doesn’t stop the Dracula fans, so expect to be bombarded with Dracula references and souvenirs the minute you approach.

Trakai, Lithuania

 

Legend has it that Trakai Castle in Lithuania was built on a whim – when a duke’s wife decided she didn’t like living in Old Trakai. The Duke, keen to remind his beloved of her previous home by the sea, not only created a magnificent castle complex, he chose to locate it on a peninsula jutting out onto a lake. Talk about romance! The romantic gesture was lessened slightly when the castle was converted into a prison, but today it’s a history museum that visitors can tour and learn about the region’s fascinating history.

Gravensteen, Belgium

 

Ghent’s castle was built in 1180 by Count Philip of Alsace, who drew his inspiration from the Crusader castles he had seen on his tour of duty. Perched on the river Leie, the medieval fortress is a crowning jewel of this Belgian city. In its time, it’s been a courthouse, prison, and even a factory, though today it’s one of Ghent’s most popular tourist attractions.

Château Comtal, France

 

The Count’s castle is one of the must-sees in the fortified old city of Carcassonne, the largest city in Europe boasting intact city walls. Carcassonne’s castle is thought to have been built by Cathars, Christians who were denounced as heretics by the Catholic majority. It remains one of the best-restored medieval castles, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Visitors can wander the ancient ramparts and strategize against any invaders in the military displays.

Corfe, England

 

The ruined castle that overlooks the pretty village of Corfe may be less recognizable as a castle, but it’s a stunning addition to your list. The fortress was a casualty of England’s brief but bloody Civil War, but its collapsed walls and hidden nooks fascinate visitors to this day. History comes to life here. Look for the murder holes used to pour tar or boiling oil and arrow slits from which archers could defend the castle against would-be attackers. Or just admire the stunning view from the top of the Purbeck Hills.

Château de Chillon, France

 

One hundred buildings joined together over time to create the picturesque castle that is Château de Chillon. This fortress is nestled between Lake Geneva and the Swiss Alps, and stands on a rocky island. Excavations in the 19th century confirmed that the castle has been occupied since the Bronze Age, controlling passage between northern and southern Europe. This peaceful post was never taken by force, allowing it to retain its original beauty and history.

Heidelberg Castle, Germany

 

Standing proud despite its seemingly cursed history, the Heidelberg Castle in Germany was destroyed for the first time during the Thirty Years War and again by the French in the 17th century. Its turbulent life made it the mismatched charmer it is today; featuring a handful of different architectural styles and a resilience that couldn’t be taken away by lightning strikes, commoners looking for building materials, or armies.